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Walkthrough - Kotlin: Visibility Modifiers

Walkthrough - Kotlin: Visibility Modifiers

In this lesson, we explored Kotlin's four visibility modifiers: public, internal, protected, and private. We compared them to their Java counterparts and learned how Kotlin uses them to enforce encapsulation at the file, class, and module levels.

Changes Made

Implementation

  • Created VisibilityModifiers.kt which implements:
    • Top-level Visibility: Demonstrating private (file scope) and internal (module scope).
    • Class Member Visibility:
      • private: Accessible only within the class.
      • protected: Accessible within the class and its subclasses (NOT the same package).
      • internal: Accessible within the same module.
      • public: Accessible everywhere (default).
    • Constructor Visibility: Using the private constructor syntax with a factory method.
    • Local Declarations: Confirming that local variables cannot have visibility modifiers.
  • Updated App.java to execute the visibility demonstration.

Verification

  • Build: Successfully executed ./gradlew :app:assemble.
  • Logic: Verified that protected members are not visible to unrelated classes even within the same package, confirming Kotlin's stricter encapsulation compared to Java.

See the Step-by-Step Explanation for technical details.

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